Relapse prevention (RP) is a tertiary intervention strategy for reducing the likelihood and severity of relapse following the cessation or reduction of problematic behaviors. Three decades since its introduction [7], the RP model remains an influential cognitive-behavioral approach in the treatment and study of addictions. The aim of this paper is to provide readers with an update on empirical and applied developments related to RP, with a primary focus on events spanning the last decade (2000-2010). We begin with a concise overview of the historical and theoretical foundations of the RP model and a brief summary of clinical intervention strategies. Next, we review the major theoretical, methodological and applied developments related to RP in the last decade. Specific emphasis is placed on the reformulated cognitive-behavioral model of relapse [8] as a basis for hypothesizing and studying dynamic aspects of the relapse process. In reviewing empirical findings we focus on major treatment outcome studies, meta-analyses, and selected results that coincide with underlying tenets of the RP model. We conclude by noting critiques of the RP model and summarizing current and future directions in studying and preventing relapse.
