In the MDD replication phase, 554 SNPs with P < 0.001 from the discovery mega-analysis were evaluated in independent samples totaling 6783 MDD cases and 50 695 controls (Table 1). For these SNPs, the replication samples did not produce logistic regression β coefficients in the same directions as the discovery analysis more frequently than expected by chance (sign test, P = 0.05). No SNP exceeded genome-wide significance for a joint analysis of the discovery and replication samples (Supplementary Table S18). The minimum P-value was for rs1969253 (P = 4.8×10−6, chr3:185 359 206), located in an intron of the disheveled 3 gene (DVL3). Given the probable etiological heterogeneity of MDD, we also conducted replication analyses of subtypes of MDD. For analyses restricted to female cases and controls, the direction of effects tended to be consistent between the discovery and replication samples (sign test, P = 0.006) although no SNP neared genome-wide significance (minimum P = 4.8×10−6 at rs1969253, chr3: 185 359 206). For male cases and controls, the sign test was not significant (P = 0.17), and no SNP was genome-wide
