Drinking alcohol to cope used the six items from a modified Drinking to Cope Scale that asks whether a person actually uses alcohol for various effects (Carver et al., 1989; Cooper et al., 1995; Park et al., 2002). These included drinking to forget worries, cheer up, relax, decrease feeling anxious or sad, mitigate boredom, or to feel more confident, each scored from 1 (almost never) to 4 (almost always).
