The rate of past-year DSM-5 severe AUD was slightly lower than that for past-year DSM-IV dependence, 3.9% versus 4.4% (McNemar’s test statistic = 84.7, df=1, p<.0001). Of individuals positive for dependence, 19.5% were not positive for severe AUD. Almost all (98.3%) of these cases consisted of individuals with three positive dependence and no abuse criteria, although a small proportion (1.7%) had three positive dependence criteria coupled with legal problems, an abuse criterion that did not count towards DSM-5 AUD (data not shown). The dependence criteria most often endorsed by these cases were drinking in larger quantities or for longer than intended (81.8%) and persistent desire/unsuccessful attempts to stop or reduce drinking (71.6%). All of these cases were downgraded into the less severe category of moderate AUD; none were lost altogether in terms of a DSM-5 diagnosis. Of cases positive for DSM-5 severe AUD, 8.3% were not positive for DSM-IV dependence. These consisted of individuals with one or two dependence criteria, whose total number of DSM-5 criteria was ≥4 as a result of positive abuse criteria and/or craving. More than half
