Among individuals positive for a DSM-5 moderate AUD, 55.7% had not satisfied the DSM-IV criteria for abuse. The majority, 71.7%, comprised former diagnostic orphans who had been positive for two DSM-IV dependence criteria but no abuse criteria (data not shown). An additional 6.2% had been positive for just one DSM-IV dependence criterion but were also positive for craving, bringing their total DSM-5 criterion count to two. The remainder, 22.1%, had been positive for three DSM-IV dependence criteria and remained positive for three DSM-5 criteria. These individuals were downgraded from the more severe DSM-IV diagnostic category of dependence into the less severe DSM-5 category of moderate AUD.
