Chunk #16 — 3. Results — 3.1. Evaluating the interaction between the 5-HTTLPR short allele and childhood maltreatment in predicting persistent adult depression

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Serotonin transporter gene moderates childhood maltreatment's effects on persistent but not single-episode depression: replications and implications for resolving inconsistent results.

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Next, we evaluated G×E. As illustrated in Fig. 1, carriers of two 5-HTTLPR short alleles who were exposed to definite/severe maltreatment in childhood had the highest risk of persistent depression, in Dunedin (Panel A) and in E-risk (Panel B). Table 3 shows the results of statistical tests evaluating this G×E. Under the additive genetic model, the G×E was significant in Dunedin (P=.0119) and approached significance in E-Risk (P=.0516). Under the recessive genetic model, the G×E was significant in both Dunedin (P=.0330) and E-Risk (P=.0004). Under the dominant genetic model, the interaction was significant in Dunedin (P=.0403), but not in E-Risk (P=0.6115). When the Dunedin and E-risk results were combined with the Fisher’s trend method, the G×E was significant under additive (P=.003) and recessive (P=.0001) models.