Chunk #231 — VIII. A possible underlying neurobiology: connectivity constellations — B. Quality and/or quantity of connections involved in vulnerabilities
There is relatively strong evidence for co-occurance of vulnerability to a number of the phenotypes listed in Table III. Bipolar disorder and addiction occur together much more frequently than we would expect by chance alone; almost three quarters of individuals with bipolar disorder also manifest substance use disorders in a recent review and elsewhere [146, 147, 251]. This co-occurance of these two heritable phenotypes fits with the substantial overlap that we documented above in comparisons between genome wide association results from addiction and bipolar disorder. Many of the genes that receive substantial support from both of these studies encode cell adhesion molecules and other “connectivity constellation” genes.
