Chunk #28 — 4. Selectively bred high alcohol-consuming rat lines and their phenotypic characteristics — 4.3. High alcohol-drinking and low alcohol-drinking rats
approximately 2 generations of selection). A genotypic or phenotypic trait that is present in both replicate lines would convey greater confidence in the importance of that trait for the development of high or low alcohol drinking behavior than if the trait was identified in only one of the lines. Regarding criteria for an animal model of alcoholism, HAD1 and HAD2 rats readily drink greater than 5 g/kg/day of ethanol, whereas LAD1 and LAD2 rats drink approximately 0.5 g/kg/day (Murphy et al., 2002). HAD1 and HAD2 rats will perform an operant response for access to ethanol indicating ethanol functions as a reinforcer for these rats (Files et al., 1998; Oster et al., 2006; Samson et al., 1998). Moreover, HAD1 and HAD2 rats attain pharmacologically relevant BACs (50 to 150 mg%) during free-choice ethanol drinking or self-administration (Bell et al., 2008a; Murphy et al., 2002; Oster et al., 2006). In addition, HAD1 and HAD2 rats display a robust ADE (Oster et al., 2006; Rodd et al., 2009; Rodd-Henricks et al., 2000b). When the sedative effects of ethanol were examined, HAD1 rats displayed lower sensitivity, compared with LAD1 rats (Froehlich and Wand, 1997). When testing for the development of tolerance, HAD1 rats displayed
