Here, we review these summary statistic-based methods. First, we review methods for performing single-variant association tests, including meta-analysis, conditional association and imputation using summary statistics. Second, we review methods for performing gene-based association tests by incorporating transcriptome reference data or aggregating signals across multiple rare variants. Third, we review methods for fine-mapping causal variants, including integration of functional annotation and/or trans-ethnic data. Fourth, we review methods for constructing polygenic predictions of disease risk and inferring polygenic architectures. Finally, we review methods for jointly analyzing multiple traits. We conclude with a discussion of research areas where further work on summary statistic based methods is needed.
