The acute treatment animals were implanted with bilateral guide cannulae (22 gauge; Plastics One, Roanoke, VA) targeting the lateral ventricles and, following dependence induction, were designated to receive 35μg FN-439 (17.5/side; n=7) or aCSF (n=7) 15 minutes prior to and 45 miinutes following the post-dependence ethanol self-administration sessions.