Swift et al., 1994) and alcohol “high” (Volpicelli et al., 1995), decreasing ratings of liking and enjoyment of the alcohol intoxication (McCaul et al., 2001; Ray & Hutchison, 2007), and increasing self-reported fatigue, tension, and confusion (King et al., 1997; Ray et al., in press). Naltrexone’s effects are thought to be mediated through the blockade of opioid receptors, which in turn are associated with the reinforcing effects of alcohol upon consumption (Bond et al., 1998; Herz, 1997).
