Measures of executive function were most effective in distinguishing AE subjects from controls. Because nearly all of the measures used in this phase of the CIFASD were from this domain, these results do not necessarily preclude the possibility that other cognitive domains might also be useful in classification. Future studies should include measures covering a broader array of neuropsychological domains. However, the fact that measures of executive function were effective in both of our studies suggests that this domain is especially affected in FASD. Further, these measures were also useful in distinguishing AE from ADHD, which has clear clinical significance.
