Evidence of an association between anger, frustration, or irritability and internalizing symptoms has also been found (Blumberg & Izard, 1985; Lemery et al., 2002; Lengua, 2006; Oldehinkel et al., 2007; Zeman et al., 2002), although these relations tend to be somewhat weaker than for externalizing problems (Eisenberg et al., 2001; Oldehinkel et al., 2007;Oldehinkel, Hartman, Winter, Veenstra, & Ormel, 2004,) and sometimes this association has not been found (Zahn-Waxler et al., 1994). In the sample in the present study, the association of internalizing problems with anger/frustration appeared to become somewhat stronger across 2 years in early childhood (Eisenberg, Sadovsky, et al., 2005), suggesting it is important to examine this relation across time.
