There are studies showing the application of CSD measures in neurological conditions, such as epilepsy and space occupying brain lesions, reporting the advantages of CSD over the recorded potentials. Rodin (1999) examined the electrical fields of spikes and waves from the spontaneous EEG in children with absence seizures and found that CSD maps delineated the propagation of potentials and ictal events better than the EEG potentials. While it is beyond the scope of the present review to include studies that have applied intracranial CSD methods as it would require additional description of its method and techniques (Tenke and Kayser, 2012), two of the intra-cortical studies on epilepsy patients are worth a brief mention here. In an effort to track the ictal spread in cortical regions, Ulbert et al. (2004) recorded intra-cortical multiple unit activity (MUA) during interictal phase in epilepsy patients who were undergoing subdural grid implantation for seizure localization and chronically implanted with multicontact microelectrodes. They found that two distinct intracortical CSD/MUA patterns were related to the propagated interictal spikes: 1) a granular pattern with layer IV CSD sink
