Alcohol expectancies are defined as “structures in long-term memory that have impact on cognitive processes governing current and future consumption” (Jones, Corbin, & Fromme, 2001, p. 59). It is hypothesized that a PFI can alter positive alcohol expectancies and thus reduce motivations to use and advance one's movement across the stages of change (Dimeff et al., 1999). Limited evidence exists that those who drink to enhance their social functions (positive alcohol expectancies) may benefit more from a PFI, at least in a college volunteer sample, because they may be more sensitive to peer norms (Neighbors, Larimer, & Lewis, 2004). However, little is known as to whether positive alcohol expectancies are related to differential efficacy of PFIs among mandated students.
