Patients were compared to 23 healthy volunteers (15 male) selected from a larger sample (N = 66) included in our previous report.48 Control participants, who had been recruited from the New York metropolitan area and paid US$15/hr, were without a history of neurological illness or substance abuse and without current or past psychopathology based on a standard screening interview (SCID-NP).66 Importantly, patient and control participants had been tested under the same protocol and during the same time period. Without knowledge about their behavioral performance or ERP data, healthy adults were carefully matched to individual patients with regard to gender, age, and handedness (Table 1). While patients tended to have less education than control participants, a typical characteristic of schizophrenia samples, the absolute difference was rather small (i.e., about 1.5 years).
