In total, 1,366 (1360), 322 (70), and 46 (40) SNPs failed to pass the quality control including the criteria of genotyping rate, MAF and HWE in AAs (EAs). We limited our analyses to the 4,133 (4,395) remaining autosomal markers in AAs (EAs). In the linkage analysis, we set these problematic genotypes as missing. Pedigree errors were detected in five EA families and two AA families by PREST. Among these families, the relationships in one AA family and five EA families were corrected based on the shared IBD patterns. The re-assigned family relationships were verified by running PREST again. An AA family with an unresolved relationship problem was excluded from further analysis.
