MGSEM results supported no race differences in relationships between prosocial rewards, psychological costs, and problem solving and youth measures of drug expectancies, drug initiation, antisocial beliefs, and problem behaviors. MGSEM supported no race differences in the relationships between antisocial rewards and three youth-reported measures: drug expectancies, antisocial beliefs, and problem behaviors. Race did moderate the relationship between antisocial rewards and drug initiation. Antisocial rewards were positively related to drug initiation among European American youth, but the association was nonsignificant among African American youth.
