Medication status appeared to be a strong confounder (Boedhoe et al., 2018). Compared to healthy controls (n = 324), pediatric/adolescent OCD patients on medication (n = 183) had thinner inferior and superior parietal and lateral occipital cortices (Cohen's d = −0.31) and widespread surface area differences, mainly in frontal regions (Cohen's d values between −0.27 and −0.33). Medicated adult OCD patients (n = 646), in comparison to controls (n = 1,436), had widespread abnormalities in cortical thickness, mainly in relation to frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital regions (Cohen's d values between −0.10 and −0.26, see Figure 3). Unmedicated pediatric/adolescent (n = 222) and adult (n = 831) OCD patients did not differ from healthy controls, on average, in cortical thickness and surface area. Medication effects were most pronounced in those patients using a combination of antidepressants and antipsychotics, and persisted after adjusting for disease severity and co‐morbidity. Although these medication effects should be interpreted with caution due to the cross‐sectional nature of the study design and lack of information on duration and dosage of medication use, they may suggest neuroplastic
