The mean teen age at testing was 14.7 years (SD=0.9); 50.7% were male. At testing, 90.6% of teens were in the custody of their biological mother. The teens in this study performed on average >1 SDs lower than national norms on the IQ assessment (mean full-scale IQ=77.4; SD=13.8), consistent with results from other studies evaluating similar urban cohorts of African American children (e.g., Howell, et al., 2006; Jacobson, et al., 2004; Nordstrom-Bailey, et al., 2004).
