our findings, the elevated beta-band synchronization involving DMN regions in the MDD group may reflect highly synchronized neuronal populations, the signal from which is processed at the expense of other inputs that signal the need to flexibly modulate the DMN in accordance with changing cognitive states. This theory is of course speculative, and future studies (e.g., using neuromodulation techniques to entrain beta oscillations) are needed to directly test whether excessive beta-band synchronization contributes to DMN inflexibility.
