for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuron-specific class III-β-tubulin (TUJ1) confirming their DA neural nature (Soldner et al., 2009). Besides, the obtained hiPSCs, using the Cre-Recombinase excisable viruses, uniformly expressed the pluripotency markers Tra-1-60, SSEA4, OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG, in addition to possessing similar morphology to the human ESCs. Interestingly, the OCT4 promoter region of the obtained hiPSCs was in a hypomethylated state in contrast to the hypermethylated state which is found in the parental fibroblasts cells. There were also no differences in the ability or efficiency to differentiate dopaminergic cells from PD and non-PD patients (Soldner et al., 2009).
