At 17q.21.31, eQTL and/ or mQTL from both fetal and adult brains co-localized with DPW signals. We observed stronger evidence of co-localization (SMR P < 5 × 10−15) for DPW with MAPT and LRRC37A, than at any other locus. These genes are within a large inversion polymorphism (approximately 900 kb) that arose about 3 million years ago23. Since that time, these haplotypes have been recombinationally suppressed and have accumulated many haplotype-specific variants. As a result, there is extended LD within more than 1 Mb, which makes it difficult to fine map the causal variants and genes at this locus. Integration analysis of adult brain eQTL data with the DPW GWAS predicted that increased MAPT expression (SMR Beta = 0.01) is associated with increased number of alcoholic DPW, while decreased expression of LRRC37A (SMR beta = −0.02) was associated with a decrease in DPW. The predicted gene expression results from AUD and DPW GWAS were compared with observed expression differences in the brains of AUD subjects and controls to validate the results. Our differential expression analysis of alcohol consumption in the
