This study represents the first large-scale GWAS on smoking-related behaviors, SI and ND, in an Asian population. Among 352,228 genotyped SNPs, our initial GWA analysis identified 12 (p < 1 × 10−5), among which 8 were significantly associated with SI and 4 with ND. In the replication study with American samples of both EA and AA origin, rs7747583 and rs2349433 in RGS17 were replicated in association with SI, and rs4424567 in FRMD4A and rs848353 at 7q31.1 were replicated in association with ND at the 5% significance level. In an additional meta-analysis for these variants, rs848353 reached genome-wide significance (p valuemeta = 9.16 × 10−8), whereas the three did not.
