microscopic organization of white matter has been repeatedly described with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), although multiple and not overlapping areas were concerned in the studies.15,16 Reduced myelinization has also been suggested due to signal reduction in magnetization transfer imaging.17 This is in accordance with phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy showing an increased breakdown of phospholipids at the onset of the disorder (increased phosphodiesters in patients at the first episode)18,19 and a pervasive reduction in synthesis (reduction in phosphomonocster)20-22 in the prefrontal region. The latest evidence for white matter decrease comes from the observation of a reduction in oligodendrocyte gene expression.23-25
