Since 3D chromatin loops are highly tissue-specific4, it is important to decide which Hi-C datasets are appropriate to identify target genes for each disorder. To address this, we first measured the heritability enrichment of each disorder using tissue-specific regulatory elements (Methods). Consistent with the previous findings6, psychiatric disorders showed strong enrichment in brain tissues, while degenerative disorders lacked brain-specific enrichment (Extended Data Fig. 2). Within brain tissue, psychiatric disorders showed stronger heritability enrichment in the fetal brain than in the adult brain, highlighting their neurodevelopmental origin (Fig. 2a). Fetal enrichment was more robust in neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD and ASD than in adult onset disorders including BD, SCZ, and MDD.
