Episodic memory refers to the human memory system that enables people to remember specific past events or information (Tulving et al., 1994). Its formation encompasses multiple processes, including encoding or the acquisition of learning material, consolidation or the retention of newly acquired information, and retrieval of the information already stored (Tromp et al., 2015). Aging is accompanied with episodic memory decline, which can lead to different degrees of damage in all associated memory processes (Koen and Yonelinas, 2014). It is therefore important to further investigate age-related decline of episodic memory and the underlying neural mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, and to use this information to formulate potential memory interventions.
