Using Functional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA)26 software to investigate the pathway or biological process enrichment with summary statistics as input and false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple testing, we find multiple reactome and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways that are significantly enriched for AUDIT-C (Supplementary Data 11, Supplementary Fig. 15) and AUD (Supplementary Data 12, Supplementary Fig. 16) in each population. The most significant pathway is reactome ethanol oxidation for both traits in both EAs and AAs. Multiple GO biological processes are enriched for AUDIT-C (Supplementary Data 13, Supplementary Fig. 17) and AUD (Supplementary Data 14, Supplementary Fig. 18), including ethanol and alcohol metabolism. Enrichments for chemical and genetic perturbation gene sets and for the GWAS catalog for both traits are shown in Supplementary Data 15–18 and Supplementary Figs. 19–22.
