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Chunk #11 — Results — Functional analyses

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Genome-wide association analysis identifies novel blood pressure loci and offers biological insights into cardiovascular risk.
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By considering all loci reported here (our 107 validated loci, and previously reported loci at the time of analysis), our DEPICT analysis identifies enrichment of expression across 31 tissues and cells (Supplementary Fig. 9; Supplementary Table 18), with greatest enrichment in the arteries (P = 1.9 x 10-6, false discovery rate (FDR) < 1%). We use FORGE to investigate and identify significant (FDR, P <0.05) cell type specific enrichment within DNase I hypersensitive sites in a range of tissues including dermal and lung microvascular endothelial cell types, and cardiac fibroblasts (Supplementary Fig. 10). For a set of curated candidate regulatory SNVs from our 107 validated loci (see Supplementary Note), widespread enrichment is found in microvascular endothelium, aortic smooth muscle, aortic fibroblasts, vascular epithelium, heart and skin (Supplementary Fig. 10). In addition, we identify significant enrichment of histone marks in a wide range of cell types, including strong enrichment seen for H3K4Me3 (an activating modification found near promoters) marks in umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) (Supplementary Fig. 11). To explore expression at the level of cardiovascular cell types specifically, we use