Seven studies evaluated the association between stimulant medication treatment and later cocaine abuse or dependence (Figure 2). The ORs ranged from 0.10 to 2.25, and all 95% CIs included 1. Consistent with these results, the random-effects model estimated that children who received medication treatment were comparable to children who did not receive medication treatment in the development of cocaine abuse or dependence (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.51−2.38; P =.81). No significant heterogeneity in ORs was noted (Q = 8.17, P =.23).
