The CTQ yields scores (5–25 each) for physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse, as well as a total score (25–125). Reliability and validity of the CTQ has been demonstrated, including in drug abusers and African American populations (Bernstein et al., 1994, 1997, 2003; Bernstein and Fink, 1998; Scher et al., 2001; Thombs et al., 2007). The CTQ was used as a continuous measure in all logistic regression analyses.
