reflects the difference between those two conditions. Thus, more conservative steps to control for Type 1 errors could not be applied, and we used the less conservative exact binomial approach. As a consequence, the current results may be an overly optimistic estimate of data fit, and must be considered preliminary until larger studies are carried out. Third, we only studied young EA drinkers from a single university in Southern California. More work is needed to see whether similar results are applicable to other markers of risk and to alternative populations. Fourth, the focus of the work is on alcohol, as low LRs have only been found to relate to adverse alcohol outcomes and not to the use of or problems with other drugs. Finally, it is important to remember that there may be additional brain regions of interest to LR and to the related prediction of adverse alcohol outcomes.