Several studies have used LORETA methods to investigate cognitive dysfunction in alcoholics and HR offspring. Prabhu and colleagues (2001) reported that source localization of visual P3 showed decreased activation in female alcoholics compared with control female social drinkers in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and ventromedial frontocentral regions. Chen and colleagues (2007) found significantly reduced P3-related current density activation in frontal regions (anterior cingulate, medial, and superior frontal) in alcoholic study participants while processing target stimuli in a visual oddball task. Alcoholics scored higher on impulsivity, and highly impulsive participants had the lowest activations in these areas. In a Go/No-Go task, Kamarajan and colleagues (2005b) found that offspring of alcoholics exhibited reduced activation in frontal, anterior cingulate, and temperoparietal regions during the P3 activity of the No-Go condition.
