To our knowledge, this is the first study to report a GWS association for dependence on stimulants other than cocaine. We identified a SNP at SLC25A16 that was significantly associated with the trait in AAs. Near-GWS associations were also identified in AAs with SNPs in GNAO1, between LRP1B and KYNU, and near KCNA4. A CPVL SNP was also nearly GWS with evidence in both AAs and EAs. We also identified significant enrichment among suggestively associated SNPs for genes in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity pathway and a genetic underpinning for stimulant dependence shared with ADHD and alcohol dependence.
