The dPFC is engaged when working memory is required for monitoring incentive-based behavioral responses. It also encodes reward amount and becomes active when anticipated rewards signal future outcomes.88,95,96 The dPFC projects primarily to the rostral central region of the caudate nucleus.14 However, the rostrocaudal extent of this projection is quite large and is one of the largest to the striatum and, thus, interfaces with several other cortical areas.19,97 This innervation extends from the rostral pole, through the rostral, central putamen, and much of the length of the caudate nucleus.14,19 These projections are organized somewhat topographically such that, for example, input from the rostral pole of the frontal cortex terminates most densely in the rostral part of the striatum, including both the caudate and putamen. There are few terminals in the central and caudal putamen. In contrast to the vmPFC, OFC, and dACC, terminals from the dPFC are located primarily in the head of the caudate and the medial, ventral, and central parts of the rostral putamen (figure 4d). The dorsolateral portion of the putamen contains fewer terminating axons. Consistent with
