Further refinement of risk measures may improve our ability to develop screening protocols for those at greater risk of developing substance-related problems. Early detection has the potential to improve prevention efforts, as prior work suggests that those at the highest risk of substance misuse stand to benefit the most from prevention efforts [60]. Ideally, screening tools for SUD risk would include measures of social, clinical, and genetic risk factors, as each impacts the development of SUDs [5–10]. In the push for precision medicine, the focus is often on biological information, but social determinants of health are also critically important.
