A second recent study by Lisboa and colleagues37 used RNAseq to assess gene expression in three striatal regions (caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens) in OCD and comparison subjects37. Our findings of differences in gene expression within striatal subregions, with no genes identified as differentially expressed in both the caudate and the nucleus accumbens (Fig. 1B), are broadly consistent with this work. Furthermore, direct comparison of genes identified as DE by Lisboa and colleagues and in our study identified 263 genes in the caudate and 64 genes in the nucleus accumbens that differed in the same direction as a function of OCD diagnosis (Fig. S5 and Table S8–9). Lisboa et al. also identified gene set enrichment of synaptic-related transcripts, supporting our observation of functional enrichment of highly correlated synaptic gene sets (Fig. 2; Table S3a) that could be primarily driven by changes in striatal gene expression. Similarly, we observed enrichment of synaptic transcripts when looking specifically at genes in the caudate that differed in the same direction between subject groups in the two studies, (Fig. S6 and Table S10). A key
