DNA samples were genotyped using the Illumina Human1 M array (Illumina, San Diego, CA), The Illumina Human OmniExpress 12V1 array (Illumina), the Illumina 2.5 M array (Illumina) or the Smokescreen genotyping array (Biorealm LLC, Walnut, CA; Baurley, Edlund, Pardamean, Conti, & Bergen, 2016). Details of the data processing, quality control, and imputation are provided in detail elsewhere (Lai et al., 2019). Data were imputed to 1000 Genome Phase 3 and SNPs with a genotypic rate <0.95, that violated Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium ( p < 10−6) or had minor allele frequency <0.01 were excluded from analyses.
