For glial and cortical co-cultures cells were trypsinized eight days after infection and EGFP-positive cells were isolated using a FACS Aria II (Becton Dickinson). EGFP-positive cells were replated on seven days in vitro cortical cultures from wild type p0 mice, or alternatively, passage three primary astrocytes from isolated from p5 pups (as described previously 30,36,37).