While we do think that our results fit nicely within the conflict-monitoring framework, we recognize that one limitation of our study is that we were unable to manipulate reward value explicitly in our task and that reward signals may be tracked simultaneously with conflict-monitoring information. Previous theoretical arguments for ACC function certainly allow for the possibility that ACC may process multiple forms of information, if not serve, multiple functions (31, 32). Moreover, recent evidence from the orbital frontal cortex describes the discrete and simultaneous encoding of both inhibitory control and value information on a stop-signal task (37), suggesting that the encoding of control and value signals by a single brain region is at least possible. At present, we feel that our data provide a foundation for attempting to link animal and human accounts of ACC function, but we also feel strongly that future research specifically looking at foraging tasks while employing a similar methodology to ours may help to further elucidate the role(s) of ACC in guiding behavior. The use of more temporally precise or cell-type–specific techniques, such as optogenetics,
