The parenting constructs of acceptance and control were measured well with the selected indicators. The factor loadings, indicator contents, and reliability are listed in Table 3. Table 3 also lists key phrases of questions used to measure parental acceptance and control. Symbols of structural equation modeling are used hereafter. Factor loadings ranged from .49 to .86 and reliabilities ranged from .85 to .90. The two constructs were correlated at φ = −.15 (p < .01) in the Caucasian respondents and at φ = −.19 (p < .01) in the African American respondents suggesting that these are very distinct constructs. The latent means of the two constructs indicated that parents of Caucasian respondents were lower in both acceptance (α = −.19, p < .01) and control (α = −.15, p < .05) than African American parents. Latent means are derived through confirmatory factor analysis. In multiple group analysis, one group, the reference group, has a zero mean in the latent variable. Reliability for parental acceptance was .89 and .90 for Caucasians and African Americans, respectively. Reliability for parental control was .85 and .89 for Caucasians and African Americans, respectively.
