score in the same sample used to identify significant SNPs may represent an optimistic population effect size estimate, this correlation represents a non-trivial effect in the behavioral sciences (e.g. Cohen, 1992) and is notable in the context of the effect sizes of accepted physical and mental health associations (e.g. aspirin and heart attack survival; chemotherapy and breast cancer survival; lead exposure and childhood IQ; nicotine patch use and smoking cessation; Meyer et al., 2001). This is also a non-trivial effect in the context of the candidate gene and genome-wide association literatures, where effect sizes for single genetic polymorphisms are typically small (Maher, 2008).
