Similar to a study by de Wit and McCracken (1990), the present study did not observe FHA as a contributing factor to RDH. This suggests that FHA (FHD in present study) influences on the response to alcohol may be independent of recent alcohol drinking history. In contrast, Pedersen and McCarthy (2009) observed a relationship between LR and FHA, which was within the context of FHA among second degree relatives, and was only observed for period of regular drinking.