In high income regions such as Australasia, North America, high income and Europe Western where we had better quality epidemiological data available, the DALY rate (per 100,000) of cannabis dependence surpassed that attributable to amphetamine dependence (93.2 (61.7-134.2) vs. 58.5 (31.2-98.1) in Australasia; 43.03(27.0-62.3) vs. 34.5 (19.6-55.2) in Europe Western; and 81.5 (53.6-116.6) vs. 33.4 (18.4-52.8) in North America, high income).