The three trimester model of FASD was used (Cronise et al., 2001, Tran et al., 2000) which entails alcohol exposure via intragastric intubation during the prenatal and early postnatal period (PD 2–10) in the rat. The intubation procedure takes less than 2 minutes in both dams and pups and every effort is made to minimize the separation time of the pup from the dam.
