pathology in the LEC, which is an initial anatomical target of AD pathology (Table 2). In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to measure pTau expression. Qualitative results showed a prominent upregulation of pTau (Ser199/202) in the hippocampus (CA1) of alcohol-exposed 3xTg-AD mice. Taken together across brain regions, these data suggest that alcohol exposure produced an A + T + (N)+ biomarker profile, which is consistent with Alzheimer’s disease.