across the phase frequency (x-axis) by amplitude frequency (y-axis) ranges were saved as grayscale images in JPG format and resized to 224 x 224 resolution (8-bit, 96 dpi) for use in a machine learning project described elsewhere (Richard et al., 2024). Normalization of PAC estimates from comodulograms was accomplished by rescaling 8-bit values from range [0,255] to [0,1]. The average comodulogram for each participant was calculated for the first 2 min of the resting state task (i.e., the first 4 comodulograms) to maximize the likelihood that the resting state EEG data used for analysis was gathered when participants were relaxed and awake with eyes closed but not drowsy or asleep. Statistical analyses were conducted on the resulting set of averaged comodulograms. Computational demands of PAC processing limited our analysis to a single EEG channel with FZ selected to target activity in the mPFC. TensorPAC package was used for all stages of PAC processing (Combrisson et al., 2020).