Our models controlled for the use of social media and social networking applications for personal purposes during the COVID-19 crisis. We used 16 items on the private-use sites and applications, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. The answer options were I don't use it, less than weekly, weekly, daily, and many times a day. We created a dummy variable and categorized those using at least one application or site many times a day as active private social media users.
