The increased odds of a disorder in offspring of the same gender as the alcoholic parent were also seen in nicotine dependence and schizoid personality disorder. In these cases, maternal alcoholism associated more strongly with the disorder in daughters. Indeed, sons of alcoholic mothers did not have increased odds of these disorders relative to sons of non-alcoholic mothers. Such a lack of effect of maternal alcoholism on male psychopathology was also evident for mania, suggesting that for these three conditions, the association between maternal alcoholism and psychopathology was limited to female offspring.
