using the Customary Drinking and Drug Use Record (Brown et al., 1998), psychiatric diagnoses using the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (C-DISC-4.0; Shaffer et al., 2000), and FH using the Family History Assessment Module (FHAM; Rice et al., 1995). The FHAM and C-DISC were also administered to parents by different interviewers to corroborate adolescent reports. Diagnoses were considered present if either respondents’ report or the combined report indicated the disorder. In cases of discrepancies, additional data were obtained, or data were coded to represent the lower level of functioning. Exclusionary criteria were: premature birth; reports of maternal drinking or drug use during pregnancy; parental history of psychosis, bipolar I, or antisocial personality disorder; history of neurological problems, head trauma, learning disabilities, Axis I psychiatric disorder other than conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder, or psychiatric medication use; MRI contraindications (e.g., braces); noncorrectable sensory impairments; nonfluency in English; and left-handedness.
